Memo/Packer

Packer

Packer †

https://www.packer.io/
- CHANGELOG.md
- HashiCorp製ツール(Vagrant, packer, Serfの開発元)
- 仮想マシンイメージ作成をスクリプト化できる
  - AMIs for EC2
  - VMDK/VMX files for VMware
  - OVF exports for VirtualBox
  - Docker

記事
- 「Packer」でDocker用のイメージファイルを作ってみよう - さくらのナレッジ
- マシン・イメージを自動構築し、作業効率を高めるPacker入門 | Think IT（シンクイット）

ansibleでGathering Factsで止まる場合 †

https://www.packer.io/docs/provisioners/ansible#troubleshooting
- ansible 2.8以上で発生
- https://github.com/hashicorp/packer/issues/7667#issuecomment-618587978

対策: 「"use_proxy": false,」を追加する

  "provisioners": [
    {
      "type": "ansible",
      "playbook_file": "{{user `playbook_file`}}",
      "use_proxy": false,
      "ansible_env_vars": [ "ANSIBLE_HOST_KEY_CHECKING=False", "ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS='-o ForwardAgent=yes -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s'", "ANSIBLE_NOCOLOR=True" ]
    }
  ]

↑

-on-error: エラー時にリソースを終了させない †

-on-error=cleanup/ask/abort が選択できる
```
packer build -on-error=ask packer.json
```

記事
- Packer実行エラー時にインスタンスをTerminateさせない機能がリリースされました | Developers.IO

↑

ansible 2.8以降だとGathering Factsから進まない †

ansible 2.8 breaks packer ansible provisioner · Issue #7667 · hashicorp/packer

一時的な対応: ansible <= 2.7.17だと動作する。
```
sudo pip install ansible==2.7.17
```

↑

aws_profileを指定する †

Amazon AMI - Builders | Packer by HashiCorp

access key, secret keyはawscliで管理して、それをpackerから指定したい。

aws cliでprofileを作る
```
aws configure --profile example
```

packer.json

{
  "variables": {
    "aws_profile": "{{env `AWS_PROFILE`}}",
    "aws_region": "ap-northeast-1"
  },
  "builders": [
    {
      "type": "amazon-ebs",
      "profile": "{{user `aws_profile`}}",
      "region": "{{user `aws_region`}}"
    }
  ]
}

実行: AWS_PROFILEを環境変数として渡す場合
```
AWS_PROFILE=example packer build packer.json
```

記事
- packerでAWSのプロファイルを指定する方法 - Qiita

↑

function "clean_ami_name" not defined †

packer 1.5.6でのエラー

function "clean_ami_name" not defined in:

原因: v1.5.0から「clean_ami_name」が廃止され、「clean_resource_name」に変わった。
```
-NG: {{isotime | clean_ami_name}}
+OK: {{isotime | clean_resource_name}}
```

↑

Could not find file for the medium †

boxcutter/windows: Virtual machine templates for Windows
- WSL v1環境でビルドが失敗する。未解決

"HOME=/mnt/c/local/home/user01"とする

Build 'virtualbox-iso' errored: Error attaching floppy: VBoxManage error: VBoxManage.exe: error: Could not find file for the medium 'C:\wsl\CentOS7C?\Users\USER01\AppData\Local\Packages\CanonicalGroupLimited.UbuntuonWindows_79rhkp1fndgsc\LocalState\rootfs\tmp\virtualbox714031622\floppy.vfd' (VERR_PATH_NOT_FOUND)

↑

Failed creating VirtualBox driver: exec: "VBoxManage": executable file not found in $PATH †

Windows版Packerでは、環境変数に「VBOX_MSI_INSTALL_PATH="/mnt/c/Program Files/Oracle/VirtualBox"」があれば動くようだ。
WSL v1環境では、Linux版Packerを使うので、「VBoxManage.exe」の代わりに「VBoxManage」を探してしまい、動作しない。
- 「alias VBoxManage="/mnt/c/Program Files/Oracle/VirtualBox/VBoxManage.exe"」ではエラーは変わらず

finarfin/wsl-virtualbox: VBoxManage wrapper to use Virtualbox from WSL for Packer

Windows版のVBoxManage.exeをLinuxコマンドとして登録するシェルスクリプト

sudo wget -O /usr/local/bin/VBoxManage.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/finarfin/wsl-virtualbox/master/VBoxManage.sh
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/VBoxManage.sh
sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/VBoxManage.sh /usr/local/bin/VBoxManage

↑

インストール †

https://www.packer.io/downloads.html

/usr/local/bin/ にインストールする場合

PACKER_VER=1.5.4
wget https://releases.hashicorp.com/packer/${PACKER_VER}/packer_${PACKER_VER}_linux_amd64.zip
unzip packer_*linux_amd64.zip
sudo mv packer /usr/local/bin/

↑

複数バージョンを管理したい場合 †

CentOS6.x 64bitの場合。alternativesで複数バージョンを切り替えられるようにする。

sudo mkdir -p /opt/packer.0.8.6
sudo wget -O /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer_0.6.9_linux_amd64.zip https://releases.hashicorp.com/packer/0.8.6/packer_0.8.6_linux_amd64.zip
sudo unzip -d /opt/packer.0.8.6/ /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer_0.6.9_linux_amd64.zip

sudo alternatives --install /usr/local/bin/packer packer /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer 86 \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-amazon-chroot packer-builder-amazon-chroot /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-amazon-chroot \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-amazon-ebs packer-builder-amazon-ebs /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-amazon-ebs \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-amazon-instance packer-builder-amazon-instance /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-amazon-instance \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-digitalocean packer-builder-digitalocean /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-digitalocean \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-docker packer-builder-docker /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-docker \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-file packer-builder-file /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-file \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-googlecompute packer-builder-googlecompute /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-googlecompute \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-null packer-builder-null /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-null \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-openstack packer-builder-openstack /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-openstack \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-parallels-iso packer-builder-parallels-iso /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-parallels-iso \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-parallels-pvm packer-builder-parallels-pvm /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-parallels-pvm \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-qemu packer-builder-qemu /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-qemu \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-virtualbox-iso packer-builder-virtualbox-iso /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-virtualbox-iso \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-virtualbox-ovf packer-builder-virtualbox-ovf /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-virtualbox-ovf \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-vmware-iso packer-builder-vmware-iso /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-vmware-iso \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-vmware-vmx packer-builder-vmware-vmx /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-vmware-vmx \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-artifice packer-post-processor-artifice /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-artifice \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-atlas packer-post-processor-atlas /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-atlas \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-compress packer-post-processor-compress /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-compress \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-docker-import packer-post-processor-docker-import /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-docker-import \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-docker-push packer-post-processor-docker-push /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-docker-push \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-docker-save packer-post-processor-docker-save /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-docker-save \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-docker-tag packer-post-processor-docker-tag /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-docker-tag \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-vagrant packer-post-processor-vagrant /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-vagrant \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-vagrant-cloud packer-post-processor-vagrant-cloud /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-vagrant-cloud \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-vsphere packer-post-processor-vsphere /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-vsphere \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-ansible-local packer-provisioner-ansible-local /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-ansible-local \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-chef-client packer-provisioner-chef-client /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-chef-client \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-chef-solo packer-provisioner-chef-solo /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-chef-solo \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-file packer-provisioner-file /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-file \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-powershell packer-provisioner-powershell /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-powershell \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-puppet-masterless packer-provisioner-puppet-masterless /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-puppet-masterless \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-puppet-server packer-provisioner-puppet-server /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-puppet-server \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-salt-masterless packer-provisioner-salt-masterless /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-salt-masterless \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-shell packer-provisioner-shell /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-shell \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-shell-local packer-provisioner-shell-local /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-shell-local \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-windows-restart packer-provisioner-windows-restart /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-windows-restart \
 --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-windows-shell packer-provisioner-windows-shell /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-windows-shell \

バージョンの切り替え

sudo alternatives --display packer
sudo alternatives --set packer /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer

↑

macOSX †

brew install packer

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