Memo/Packer

Packer †

• https://www.packer.io/
  • CHANGELOG.md
  • HashiCorp製ツール(Vagrant, packer, Serfの開発元)
  • 仮想マシンイメージ作成をスクリプト化できる
    • AMIs for EC2
    • VMDK/VMX files for VMware
    • OVF exports for VirtualBox
    • Docker

• 記事
  • 「Packer」でDocker用のイメージファイルを作ってみよう - さくらのナレッジ
  • マシン・イメージを自動構築し、作業効率を高めるPacker入門 | Think IT（シンクイット）

ansibleでGathering Factsで止まる場合 †

• https://www.packer.io/docs/provisioners/ansible#troubleshooting
  • ansible 2.8以上で発生
  • https://github.com/hashicorp/packer/issues/7667#issuecomment-618587978

• 対策: 「"use_proxy": false,」を追加する

    "provisioners": [
      {
        "type": "ansible",
        "playbook_file": "{{user `playbook_file`}}",
        "use_proxy": false,
        "ansible_env_vars": [ "ANSIBLE_HOST_KEY_CHECKING=False", "ANSIBLE_SSH_ARGS='-o ForwardAgent=yes -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s'", "ANSIBLE_NOCOLOR=True" ]
      }
    ]

-on-error: エラー時にリソースを終了させない †

• -on-error=cleanup/ask/abort が選択できる

  packer build -on-error=ask packer.json

• 記事
  • Packer実行エラー時にインスタンスをTerminateさせない機能がリリースされました | Developers.IO

ansible 2.8以降だとGathering Factsから進まない †

• ansible 2.8 breaks packer ansible provisioner · Issue #7667 · hashicorp/packer

• 一時的な対応: ansible <= 2.7.17だと動作する。

  sudo pip install ansible==2.7.17

aws_profileを指定する †

• Amazon AMI - Builders | Packer by HashiCorp

• access key, secret keyはawscliで管理して、それをpackerから指定したい。

1. aws cliでprofileを作る

   aws configure --profile example

2. packer.json

   {
     "variables": {
       "aws_profile": "{{env `AWS_PROFILE`}}",
       "aws_region": "ap-northeast-1"
     },
     "builders": [
       {
         "type": "amazon-ebs",
         "profile": "{{user `aws_profile`}}",
         "region": "{{user `aws_region`}}"
       }
     ]
   }

3. 実行: AWS_PROFILEを環境変数として渡す場合

   AWS_PROFILE=example packer build packer.json

• 記事
  • packerでAWSのプロファイルを指定する方法 - Qiita

function "clean_ami_name" not defined †

• packer 1.5.6でのエラー

  function "clean_ami_name" not defined in:

• 原因: v1.5.0から「clean_ami_name」が廃止され、「clean_resource_name」に変わった。

  -NG: {{isotime | clean_ami_name}}
  +OK: {{isotime | clean_resource_name}}

Could not find file for the medium †

• boxcutter/windows: Virtual machine templates for Windows
  • WSL v1環境でビルドが失敗する。未解決

• "HOME=/mnt/c/local/home/user01"とする

  Build 'virtualbox-iso' errored: Error attaching floppy: VBoxManage error: VBoxManage.exe: error: Could not find file for the medium 'C:\wsl\CentOS7C?\Users\USER01\AppData\Local\Packages\CanonicalGroupLimited.UbuntuonWindows_79rhkp1fndgsc\LocalState\rootfs\tmp\virtualbox714031622\floppy.vfd' (VERR_PATH_NOT_FOUND)

Failed creating VirtualBox driver: exec: "VBoxManage": executable file not found in $PATH †

• Windows版Packerでは、環境変数に「VBOX_MSI_INSTALL_PATH="/mnt/c/Program Files/Oracle/VirtualBox"」があれば動くようだ。
• WSL v1環境では、Linux版Packerを使うので、「VBoxManage.exe」の代わりに「VBoxManage」を探してしまい、動作しない。
  • 「alias VBoxManage="/mnt/c/Program Files/Oracle/VirtualBox/VBoxManage.exe"」ではエラーは変わらず

• finarfin/wsl-virtualbox: VBoxManage wrapper to use Virtualbox from WSL for Packer
  • Windows版のVBoxManage.exeをLinuxコマンドとして登録するシェルスクリプト

    sudo wget -O /usr/local/bin/VBoxManage.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/finarfin/wsl-virtualbox/master/VBoxManage.sh
    sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/VBoxManage.sh
    sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/VBoxManage.sh /usr/local/bin/VBoxManage

インストール †

• https://www.packer.io/downloads.html

• /usr/local/bin/ にインストールする場合

  PACKER_VER=1.5.4
  wget https://releases.hashicorp.com/packer/${PACKER_VER}/packer_${PACKER_VER}_linux_amd64.zip
  unzip packer_*linux_amd64.zip
  sudo mv packer /usr/local/bin/

複数バージョンを管理したい場合 †

• CentOS6.x 64bitの場合。alternativesで複数バージョンを切り替えられるようにする。

  sudo mkdir -p /opt/packer.0.8.6
  sudo wget -O /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer_0.6.9_linux_amd64.zip https://releases.hashicorp.com/packer/0.8.6/packer_0.8.6_linux_amd64.zip
  sudo unzip -d /opt/packer.0.8.6/ /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer_0.6.9_linux_amd64.zip
  
  sudo alternatives --install /usr/local/bin/packer packer /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer 86 \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-amazon-chroot packer-builder-amazon-chroot /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-amazon-chroot \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-amazon-ebs packer-builder-amazon-ebs /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-amazon-ebs \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-amazon-instance packer-builder-amazon-instance /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-amazon-instance \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-digitalocean packer-builder-digitalocean /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-digitalocean \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-docker packer-builder-docker /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-docker \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-file packer-builder-file /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-file \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-googlecompute packer-builder-googlecompute /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-googlecompute \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-null packer-builder-null /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-null \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-openstack packer-builder-openstack /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-openstack \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-parallels-iso packer-builder-parallels-iso /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-parallels-iso \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-parallels-pvm packer-builder-parallels-pvm /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-parallels-pvm \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-qemu packer-builder-qemu /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-qemu \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-virtualbox-iso packer-builder-virtualbox-iso /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-virtualbox-iso \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-virtualbox-ovf packer-builder-virtualbox-ovf /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-virtualbox-ovf \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-vmware-iso packer-builder-vmware-iso /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-vmware-iso \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-builder-vmware-vmx packer-builder-vmware-vmx /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-builder-vmware-vmx \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-artifice packer-post-processor-artifice /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-artifice \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-atlas packer-post-processor-atlas /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-atlas \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-compress packer-post-processor-compress /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-compress \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-docker-import packer-post-processor-docker-import /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-docker-import \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-docker-push packer-post-processor-docker-push /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-docker-push \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-docker-save packer-post-processor-docker-save /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-docker-save \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-docker-tag packer-post-processor-docker-tag /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-docker-tag \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-vagrant packer-post-processor-vagrant /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-vagrant \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-vagrant-cloud packer-post-processor-vagrant-cloud /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-vagrant-cloud \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-post-processor-vsphere packer-post-processor-vsphere /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-post-processor-vsphere \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-ansible-local packer-provisioner-ansible-local /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-ansible-local \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-chef-client packer-provisioner-chef-client /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-chef-client \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-chef-solo packer-provisioner-chef-solo /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-chef-solo \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-file packer-provisioner-file /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-file \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-powershell packer-provisioner-powershell /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-powershell \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-puppet-masterless packer-provisioner-puppet-masterless /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-puppet-masterless \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-puppet-server packer-provisioner-puppet-server /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-puppet-server \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-salt-masterless packer-provisioner-salt-masterless /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-salt-masterless \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-shell packer-provisioner-shell /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-shell \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-shell-local packer-provisioner-shell-local /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-shell-local \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-windows-restart packer-provisioner-windows-restart /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-windows-restart \
   --slave /usr/local/bin/packer-provisioner-windows-shell packer-provisioner-windows-shell /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer-provisioner-windows-shell \

• バージョンの切り替え

  sudo alternatives --display packer
  sudo alternatives --set packer /opt/packer.0.8.6/packer

macOSX †

brew install packer

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